Les enseignants pré-universitaires et la construction de l’État régional italien de la Renaissance. Les États Gonzague et Estense - part II

Pre-university teachers and the construction of the Italian regional state during the Renaissance. The Gonzaga and Este States In the Late Middle Ages, the role of pre-university schoolteachers often intersected with various professional figures connected to writing: notaries, accountants, chancery officials, and physicians. However, starting in the 15th century, Italian regional states, en gaged in a slow but steady process of rationalizing governmental prerogatives, began promoting the recruitment of specialized schoolteachers. This article aims to investigate the role played by pre-university teachers in this process through the cases of the Este and Gonzaga states. On the one hand, the pedagogical experiences of Vittorino da Feltre in Mantua and Guarino Guarini in Ferrara represented fundamental pedagogical laboratories that inspired princely governments to adopt a new school model. On the other hand, the modest territorial extent of these states allowed these ed ucational models to be systematically exported from the capitals to smaller towns, thereby extending and implementing the modern concept of administrative sovereignty.