In 1549, Jean-Pierre de Mesmes, an erudite linked to the Pléiade, published the Grammaire italienne in Paris. This work is the very first foreign language grammar to appear in France, and is also the first grammar of Italian as a foreign language (the Italian grammars for the English and Spanish are all subsequent). Jean-Pierre de Mesmes in his preface defines the Tuscan language as the most familiar foreign language in France. In effect, from the period of Renaissance, Italy was considered a model for the arts and also the Italian language had wide recognition all over Europe, above all in France. Claude Lancelot, a solitaire of Port-Royal, wrote in his Nouvelle méthode pour apprendre facilement et en peu de temps la langue italienne (1659) that in the Court in Paris the knowledge of Italian was more important than that of Latin or Greek. This monograph by Giada Mattarucco concerns the first Italian grammars for the French published between ‘500 and ‘600. All the grammar’s authors, addressees, aims and sources are studied from the perspective of the spread of the Italian language in France. Regarding the structures, the problems of categorization and the terminology, the texts are all compared with the Italian grammars written in Italy for Italian scholars and the French grammars published in France or somewhere else in the same period, without overlooking the antecedent grammars of Latin. The central chapters of the book analyse the model of the Italian language diffused by these Italian grammars for French at several levels: spelling, pronunciation (critical points), morphology (articles and verbs) and syntax (forms of the language in between written and spoken registers, textual conjunctions). In particular, the following examples are examined: the exempla ficta, the quotations from literary texts, and the whole reading texts, which were closer to the spoken language. The appendix provides pictures of the title pages of the books studied, their tables of contents and an in-depth examination of the traditions of some of the dialogs that accompanied the grammars themselves.
Nel 1549, Jean-Pierre de Mesmes, un erudito legato alla Pléiade, pubblica a Parigi la Grammaire italienne, che è in assoluto la prima grammatica di una lingua straniera moderna apparsa in Francia e la prima grammatica d’italiano per stranieri (le prime grammatiche italiane per inglesi e spagnoli sono posteriori). Nella prefazione all’opera, de Mesmes definisce il toscano come la lingua più familiare oltralpe. In effetti, dal Rinascimento, l’Italia rappresenta un modello in campo artistico e la lingua italiana gode di un enorme prestigio in Europa, in Francia soprattutto. Nel manuale Nouvelle méthode pour apprendre facilement et en peu de temps la langue italienne, del 1659, Claude Lancelot, solitario di Port-Royal, dice addirittura che a Parigi, a corte, sapere l’italiano è giudicato più importante che conoscere il greco o il latino. La monografia di Giada Mattarucco riguarda le prime grammatiche d’italiano per francesi, pubblicate appunto tra Cinquecento e Seicento. Autori, destinatari, scopi e fonti di tali grammatiche vengono studiati nel quadro della diffusione della lingua e della cultura italiana in Francia. Per quanto concerne strutture, problemi di classificazione e terminologia, i testi per stranieri presi in esame sono messi a confronto con le grammatiche italiane prodotte in Italia, destinate ai letterati italiani, e con le grammatiche di francese, pubblicate in Francia o altrove nel periodo in questione, senza trascurare gli antecedenti grammaticali latini. I capitoli centrali della monografia analizzano il modello di italiano veicolato dalle grammatiche per francesi, a vari livelli: grafia e pronuncia (punti critici), morfologia (forme di articoli e verbi) e sintassi (fenomeni al confine tra scritto e parlato, connettivi testuali). In particolare, sono vagliati gli esempi proposti dai grammatici: exempla ficta, citazioni letterarie e interi testi di lettura più vicini all’oralità. In appendice, vengono forniti ulteriori dati: immagini dei frontespizi, sommari delle opere in esame e approfondimenti sulla tradizione di alcuni dialoghi che accompagnano le grammatiche vere e proprie.
Les premières grammaires de la langue italienne à l'usage des Français (1549-1659)
MATTARUCCO G
2008-01-01
Abstract
In 1549, Jean-Pierre de Mesmes, an erudite linked to the Pléiade, published the Grammaire italienne in Paris. This work is the very first foreign language grammar to appear in France, and is also the first grammar of Italian as a foreign language (the Italian grammars for the English and Spanish are all subsequent). Jean-Pierre de Mesmes in his preface defines the Tuscan language as the most familiar foreign language in France. In effect, from the period of Renaissance, Italy was considered a model for the arts and also the Italian language had wide recognition all over Europe, above all in France. Claude Lancelot, a solitaire of Port-Royal, wrote in his Nouvelle méthode pour apprendre facilement et en peu de temps la langue italienne (1659) that in the Court in Paris the knowledge of Italian was more important than that of Latin or Greek. This monograph by Giada Mattarucco concerns the first Italian grammars for the French published between ‘500 and ‘600. All the grammar’s authors, addressees, aims and sources are studied from the perspective of the spread of the Italian language in France. Regarding the structures, the problems of categorization and the terminology, the texts are all compared with the Italian grammars written in Italy for Italian scholars and the French grammars published in France or somewhere else in the same period, without overlooking the antecedent grammars of Latin. The central chapters of the book analyse the model of the Italian language diffused by these Italian grammars for French at several levels: spelling, pronunciation (critical points), morphology (articles and verbs) and syntax (forms of the language in between written and spoken registers, textual conjunctions). In particular, the following examples are examined: the exempla ficta, the quotations from literary texts, and the whole reading texts, which were closer to the spoken language. The appendix provides pictures of the title pages of the books studied, their tables of contents and an in-depth examination of the traditions of some of the dialogs that accompanied the grammars themselves.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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